6 Essential Steps for Effective Roof Repairs

Roof repairs are a part of home ownership. Knowing how to fix your roof is key to keeping your home in good shape. In this post we’ll go over the 6 steps to fix a roof from start to finish.

Identifying the Issue

Before you can fix your roof you need to identify the problem. This seems obvious but take the time to walk around your roof and inside your home to make sure you hit all the areas that need repair. This includes the outside of your roof and inside your home for water damage or leaks.

Exterior Inspection

Start by walking around the outside of your roof. Look for missing or damaged shingles, cracks or holes in the roof, or areas where the flashing is damaged or missing. Also look for debris or buildup in the gutters or drains that may be blocking water from flowing and causing damage.

Also check the condition of the roof’s ridge, vents and chimney. These are common areas for leaks to occur. Pay special attention to the sealant and mortar around the chimney and vent pipes as these can deteriorate over time.

Last look for signs of moss or algae growth, which can indicate moisture has been present for a long time and hidden damage beneath the surface. Use binoculars if needed to get a better view of the higher areas without having to get on the roof.

Interior Inspection

Now that you’ve looked at the outside of your roof, it’s time to look inside your home for damage or leaks. Look for water stains on ceilings or walls and any areas where the paint is peeling or bubbling. These are signs of a leak and need to be addressed ASAP.

In addition to visual signs, be aware of musty odors or mold which can also be a sign of water intrusion. Check the attic during the day; sunlight shining through the roof is a clear indication of holes that need to be repaired.

Also check the insulation for dampness, water can seep into the attic and get to the insulation before it shows up in the living spaces. Insulation that’s wet or compacted has been compromised and may need to be replaced to maintain energy efficiency.

Documenting the Damage

Before you start repairing, document the damage. Take pictures of all the areas affected, inside and out. This will be important for insurance claims or future reference.

Make a list of all the issues you found. This will help you stay organized and not miss any areas. It will also be helpful if you need to consult with a roofer or if you plan on hiring someone to help with the repairs.

Also note the age of your roof and any previous repairs. Previous repairs can be a good indication of where new weaknesses will show up and the age of your roof will tell you if a simple repair will do or if it’s time for a full overhaul or replacement.

Gathering Supplies

Once you’ve identified the issue, it’s time to gather the necessary supplies for your roof repair. This may include replacement shingles, roofing cement, flashing, and any necessary tools such as a hammer, nails, and a pry bar. It’s important to have all of your supplies on hand before beginning the repair to avoid any delays or trips to the hardware store.

Choosing the Right Materials

When you’re choosing materials for the repair, make sure they match your existing roof. This includes the shingle type, color and material. Mismatched materials will show more in the repair and wear at different rates causing more problems down the line.

Think about the weather in your area. If you live in a windy, rainy or snowy area choose materials that can withstand those conditions. Some materials are better for certain climates and will last longer if chosen right.

Also read up on the latest roofing technology. There are new products out there that offer more durability, energy efficiency and environmental friendliness. Investing in better materials will save you money in the long run with fewer repairs and lower utility bills.

Safety should be your number one priority when you’re about to repair your roof. Make sure to wear non-slip shoes and a safety harness if you’ll be working on a steep slope.

Tell someone you’re going to be on the roof so they can check on you periodically. If possible have someone on the ground to pass you tools and materials and to be a spotter for safety.

Also choose a clear calm day for the repair. Wet or windy conditions are hazardous on the roof. Early morning is usually the best time to start as the sun will heat the roof surface as the day goes on making it harder to work.

Assembling Your Tools

The right tools can make the job easier and safer. Aside from the basic hammer, nails, and pry bar, consider the following:

• Safety gear such as gloves, safety glasses, and a hard hat
• A sturdy ladder that extends well beyond the roofline for safe access
• A roofing knife for cutting shingles to the correct size
• A caulking gun for applying roofing cement and sealants
• A tarp to protect your lawn and collect debris

Preparing for Safety

First and foremost, safety should be your number one priority when fixing your roof. Wear non slip shoes and a safety harness if you will be working on a steep pitch.

Let someone know you are going to be on the roof so they can check on you periodically. If possible have someone on the ground to pass tools and materials and to be a spotter for safety.

Also choose a clear calm day for the repairs. Wet or windy conditions are dangerous on the roof. Early morning is usually the best time to start as the sun will heat the roof surface as the day goes on and make it harder to work.

Preparing the Roof

Before you can fix your roof you need to prepare the area. This means removing any damaged or loose shingles, cleaning the area and making sure the surface is dry. If there is any debris or buildup on your roof use a broom or blower to remove it. You may need to use a pry bar to remove any damaged shingles or flashing.

Clearing Debris

Clearing debris is a crucial part of preparing for roof repairs. Leaves, branches and other materials can hide damage and prevent you from doing a thorough repair. Use a leaf blower or a broom to gently remove debris without causing further damage to the roof.

Check the gutters and downspouts for blockages. Clogged gutters can cause water to back up onto the roof and cause leaks and water damage. Clean them out thoroughly so water can flow away from your home.

Repairing the Deck

The roof deck, the layer of wood beneath the shingles, must be solid and sound. If you find soft or rotten wood you need to replace these sections before you can fix the shingles. This may mean cutting out the damaged area and replacing with new plywood or oriented strand board (OSB).

Check for any loose nails or screws and remove them or hammer them back in. A smooth deck is essential for new shingles to be installed properly.

Drying the Area

If you find any moisture you need to dry the area before you can proceed with the repairs. Moisture trapped under new roofing materials can cause mold, rot and a whole host of other problems.

Use towels or a blower to dry the surface and if necessary delay the repairs until the area has had time to dry out. Consider using fans or dehumidifiers in the attic space to remove moisture from the deck.

Checking for Proper Ventilation

Proper ventilation is crucial to prevent future damage. While preparing the roof check that your vents are clear of obstructions and working properly. Good airflow will extend the life of your roof by reducing heat and moisture buildup that can weaken roofing materials over time.

Check the soffit and ridge vents to make sure they are not blocked by insulation or debris. If necessary clean them out or install additional vents.

Applying Roofing

Once your roof is ready, now it’s time to start the repair. This means applying new roofing material to make your roof watertight and weatherproof.

Replacing Shingles

When replacing shingles, remove the damaged ones without disturbing the surrounding area. Slide the new shingle in place, make sure it lines up with the others. Nail it down according to the manufacturer’s instructions, usually 4 nails.

If the damage is extensive, consider working in sections. This will make it more manageable and you can maintain a pattern and alignment.

Applying Flashing

Flashing is key to preventing water from getting into your home at the roof’s joints, such as around chimneys, vents and where the roof meets a wall. Inspect the existing flashing and replace any that is damaged or corroded.

Cut the new flashing to fit and secure with roofing cement or nails. Make sure the edges are sealed so water can’t get underneath.

Sealing the Repair

Once the new shingles and flashing are in place, you need to seal the repair to make it watertight. Apply a generous amount of roofing cement under the edges of the new shingles and a bead of caulk along the edges of the flashing.

In areas of high weather, consider adding an extra layer of protection with a waterproof membrane. This is especially helpful in valleys or around protrusions where water tends to collect.

Final Inspection

Once you’re done with the repairs, do a final inspection to make sure everything is secure and installed properly. Look for any gaps or misaligned shingles that can let water in.

Check from the ground and the roof to get different views. If you’re not sure of your inspection skills, have a professional roofer check your work to make sure it’s done right.

Cleanup

Cleaning up after your repairs is just as important as the repair work itself. Dispose of the old shingles, flashing and debris properly. Check for any nails or sharp objects that may have fallen to the ground so you don’t get hurt.

Finally, take the time to clean your tools and store them properly. This will ensure they’re in good shape for the next time you need to do some roof work.

By following these steps and taking your time, you’ll have a successful repair and extend the life of your roof. Remember, if the damage is extensive or you’re not sure of anything, always consult a professional roofer.